theglobeandmail.com
Canada's Peacekeeping Decline and Potential Resurgence
Canada's UN peacekeeping contributions have drastically fallen from over 3,300 personnel in 1993 to just 29 today, prompting discussions about a potential return to peacekeeping in Ukraine amidst growing public support.
- What are the historical and contemporary factors contributing to the decline in Canadian peacekeeping efforts?
- This decline stems from factors including defence budget cuts, resource diversion to NATO and Afghanistan, and a cultural shift within the Canadian Armed Forces favoring a combat role over peacekeeping. This shift is exemplified by the closure of the Pearson Peacekeeping Centre in 2013 and statements from former general Rick Hillier prioritizing combat.
- What are the current levels of Canadian participation in UN peacekeeping missions, and what is the public opinion regarding a potential increase in involvement?
- Canada's peacekeeping participation has significantly declined, from over 3,300 personnel in 1993 to only 29 currently, ranking 74th globally. A recent Angus Reid Institute survey reveals that 60 percent of Canadians support sending peacekeepers to Ukraine, indicating potential public support for renewed involvement.
- How can Canada effectively rebuild its peacekeeping capacity and regain a leadership position in global peacekeeping, considering both domestic and international factors?
- To revive Canadian peacekeeping, a change in mindset within the Canadian Armed Forces is crucial, alongside investment in modernizing peacekeeping capabilities such as drones and data-driven systems. This renewed focus, coupled with public support, could allow Canada to regain a leadership role in global peacekeeping efforts and address the growing need for impartial peacekeepers in a volatile world.
Cognitive Concepts
Framing Bias
The article frames Canada's potential return to peacekeeping in a positive light, highlighting public support and emphasizing the importance of Canada resuming its historical role. The use of terms like "welcome return" and "proud national tradition" shapes the reader's perception favorably toward peacekeeping. The negative aspects of past peacekeeping missions are mentioned but are presented as exceptions to a generally positive portrayal of Canada's peacekeeping record. The headline and introduction effectively set the stage for this positive framing.
Language Bias
The article uses charged language such as "cultural aversion," "orphaned," and "scumbags." While this language adds emotional weight, it could be considered less neutral. Alternatives such as "resistance within the Canadian Armed Forces," "underfunded," and "individuals with extreme views" could offer a more objective tone. The repeated use of "peacemakers" versus "warriors" also leans toward a particular perspective.
Bias by Omission
The article focuses heavily on the Canadian military's shift away from peacekeeping and the cultural aversion within the armed forces, but it omits discussion of potential international political factors or constraints that may influence Canada's ability to participate in peacekeeping missions. While the article mentions budget cuts and resource diversion, a more comprehensive analysis of external pressures would strengthen the argument.
False Dichotomy
The article presents a somewhat simplistic dichotomy between "warriors" and "peacemakers," suggesting that Canadian soldiers must choose one role over the other. This overlooks the potential for soldiers to be trained and equipped for both roles, and for peacekeeping operations to require a blend of both capabilities.
Gender Bias
The article mentions the Elsie Initiative and the low number of female peacekeepers, acknowledging gender imbalance in peacekeeping operations. However, the analysis doesn't delve deeply into the underlying causes of this disparity or suggest specific, actionable steps beyond mentioning the initiative. More detailed analysis of gendered expectations within the Canadian Armed Forces and specific policy recommendations would enhance this aspect.
Sustainable Development Goals
The article discusses Canada's potential return to peacekeeping missions, aligning with SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions) which aims to promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all, and build effective, accountable, and inclusive institutions at all levels. A renewed commitment to peacekeeping directly contributes to achieving these goals by fostering peace and security, strengthening institutions, and promoting the rule of law.