elpais.com
Evangelical Churches' Growing Political Influence in Chile
María Olivia Mönckeberg's new book explores the growing influence of evangelical churches in Chile, particularly the Pentecostal churches' role in the 2021 election by actively supporting José Antonio Kast and their increasing political engagement, often opposing gender ideology and same-sex marriage.
- What is the extent of evangelical churches' influence on Chilean politics, and what specific impact did they have on the 2021 presidential election?
- In Chile, 18% of the population (over three million people) identify with evangelical religions. A new book by María Olivia Mönckeberg details the influence of evangelical Pentecostal churches, comprising about 80% of the total, particularly their significant role in the 2021 presidential elections where pastors actively encouraged their congregations to vote for José Antonio Kast.
- How has the lack of state presence in certain regions of Chile contributed to the rise of evangelical churches, and what social services do these churches provide?
- Mönckeberg's research highlights the growth of evangelical churches in areas with diminished state presence, particularly in the Biobío region. This expansion is linked to factors such as deindustrialization, weakened unions, and a lack of state support, leading individuals to seek community and assistance within these religious groups. The churches actively engage in political activities, particularly opposing issues like gender ideology, abortion, and same-sex marriage.
- What are the long-term implications of the growing political influence of evangelical churches in Chile, and what challenges might arise from their increasing involvement in education and other sectors?
- The increasing political influence of evangelical churches in Chile, especially Pentecostal groups, is a significant development. Their involvement in the ultra-right wing, exemplified by their support for José Antonio Kast in 2021 and their formation of the Social Christian Party, indicates a growing impact on Chilean politics. Further research is needed to fully understand the extent and nature of this political influence, particularly regarding future electoral cycles and potential policy impacts.
Cognitive Concepts
Framing Bias
The article frames the growing political influence of evangelical churches, particularly Pentecostal groups, in a largely critical light. The emphasis on their involvement with the ultra-right, their stances against issues like gender ideology and abortion, and instances of alleged financial mismanagement shapes the narrative towards a negative portrayal. While acknowledging some positive community work, the overall tone and focus highlight the potentially problematic aspects of their influence.
Language Bias
The article uses terms like "ultra-right," "ultraconservadora," and "anti-feministas" which carry strong negative connotations. While these terms reflect the author's perspective and might be accurate descriptions of some groups' views, more neutral language would improve objectivity. For example, instead of "ultra-right," the phrase "far-right" could be used. Similarly, instead of using 'anti-feminists', it could be rephrased as 'opposed to certain feminist viewpoints'.
Bias by Omission
The article focuses heavily on Pentecostal evangelical churches and their political involvement, potentially overlooking the diversity within the broader evangelical movement in Chile and other perspectives on their influence. While the author acknowledges this diversity, a more in-depth exploration of other evangelical denominations and their stances on political issues would provide a more balanced picture. The article also omits discussion of potential positive community contributions by evangelical groups.
False Dichotomy
The article sometimes presents a false dichotomy between the evangelical community and the Chilean state, suggesting a simplistic opposition where the state's absence creates a vacuum filled by evangelical influence. This overlooks the complex interplay of various social, economic, and political factors that contribute to the growth and impact of evangelical churches.
Sustainable Development Goals
The article highlights how the rise of evangelical churches in Chile, particularly in areas with weak state presence and socio-economic challenges, can exacerbate existing inequalities. The concentration of evangelical influence in poorer regions, coupled with their political engagement, may further marginalize vulnerable populations and deepen social divides. The churches' focus on specific moral issues, like opposition to gender equality and abortion rights, could also negatively impact the well-being of marginalized groups.